• Define Science, Engineering and Technology.
Ans: Science, engineering and technology are the most important factors for changing a traditional society into a modern and developed one. Engineering is the, I applied science and technology is the applied engineering. This clearly shows that social, economic and scientific factors for development are highly interrelated. Technology, arising from scientific research followed by technological development, has been a prime mover m creating the kind of world in which we live today. From the shaping of the first stone tools, the discovery of the wheel, the lever and the plough and learning the use of fire, man has assiduously shaped science to serve his material needs. Science, therefore, is not a new phenomenon! What is different today is that the discover of natural laws through scientific research has given a new dimension to technology. As a result, technology now has such a massive impart on our lives that it offers on the one hand an almost infinite promise to relieve poverty and provide healthy conditions of life, but on the other hand it also threatens our pattern of life, the global ecology and even the survival of the human race.
• Define the "rate of population growth". Ans : The rate of population growth is given by the difference between the birth rate and death rate of a country.
• What is the most effective method of population control?
Ans : The most effective method of population control is the spread of education.
To a very large extent, the qualitative aspect of a country's population is determined bye the level of literacy. The higher the rate of literacy, the higher is the contribution of population to economic and social development.
• What is the range of capital-output ratio for the developing countries?
Ans : The ratio determines the rate at which the output of a country grows as a result of a given volume of the capital investment. A lower capital-output ratio leads to a comparatively higher rate of the growth of output as a result of a given volume of capital investment.
• What is the meaning of "planning by direction" ?
Ans : The government may also influence the supply and / or demand of various commodities, and thus increase or decrease their production , consumption and price. The first of these methods (issue of orders, imposition of controls, etc.) is known as “ planning by direction” while the second method (use of fiscal and monetary policy) is called “ Planning by inducement”.
4.19 Define "Plan Holiday ".
Ans: Since the Third five-year Plan had gone away, the process of planning itself became discredited in the eyes of many people. As a result, there were demands from many different quarters to declare a Plan Holiday .
4.20 What is a Rolling Plan?
Ans: The new pattern of planning was laid down as the Rolling Plan , which implied that the performance of the Plan was to be assessed every year, and a new Plan based on this assessment would be prepare for the next year.
4.21 During which five-year Plan period, maximum emphasis was laid
On steel industries?
Ans: Second plan (1956-61) laid special emphasis on heavy industries like steel
4.22 What is Green Revolution?
Ans :
4.23 When was the slogan "Garibi Hatao" given ?
Ans: The Fifth Plan attempted to coordinate various sectors of the economy in terms of he new slogan Garibi Hatao (“ Remove the poverty”)
4.24 Pre-machine technology includes :
(a) Basket weaving (b) Pottery making
(c) Only (a) (c) Both .
4.25 Functional differentiation is represented by:
(a) Trade unions (b) Political parties
(c) Both (d) Neither.
4.26 Match the following:
(A) Bharat Ratna Sir (B) Mixed economy
M.Visvesvaraya
(B) India (C) High Mass consumption
(C) Germany (D) Under-developed economy
(D) Colin Clark (A) Planned Economy for India
4.27 Write true or false: -
The caste system allows vertical social mobility.- False
The caste system did not allows vertical social mobility.
4.28 Write true or false
Advertising is an important aspect of economic development. — True
4.29 Name the odd ones;
(a) Economic instability
(b) Multinational corporations
(c) Uneven distribution of wealth
(d) Economic backwardness.
Next |
